What are cryptocurrency algorithms & how do they work?
Could you elaborate on the intricacies of cryptocurrency algorithms and their operational mechanics? Specifically, I'm interested in understanding the underlying principles and how these algorithms facilitate secure transactions on decentralized ledgers. Additionally, I'd like to know about the various types of algorithms used in the cryptocurrency space and how they differ in terms of efficiency, scalability, and security. Understanding these fundamental aspects will help me gain a deeper insight into the workings of the crypto ecosystem.